Revolution + Love: Measuring the Entanglements of State Violence and Emotions in Early PRC

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between violent discourse and emotional intensity in the early revolutionary rhetoric of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Using two fine-tuned bert-base-chinese models—one for detecting violent content in texts and another for assessing their affective charge—we analyze over 185,000 articles published between 1956 and 1989 in the People's Liberation Army Daily ( Jiefangjun Bao ), the official journal of China's armed forces. We find a statistically significant correlation between violent discourse and emotional expression throughout the analyzed period. This strong alignment between violence and affect in official texts provides a valuable context for appreciating how other forms of writing, such as novels and poetry, can disentangle personal emotions from state power.